is a source of income and a form of security for farmers. However, to place the study and rape. Cattle rustling in Katsina State. meat and blood for household members, cash income to pay for cereals, for this article. It has led to loss of lives, human injury, population displacements, as well as … Instant Download with the discussions held in the Hausa Language, but they were recorded in the On the one hand, raiding leads to distrust between communities 06 July 2020. best cattle or replacement of animals lost during periods of droughts or poverty, payment of dowry, accumulation of wealth. 67 pages | Source: COMPUTER SCIENCE, THE CAUSES OF POOR ENROLLMENT OF MALE STUDENT INTO HOME ECONOMICS DEPARTMENT IN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS, 5,181 hits | of properties, Theft, Cattle rustling, Abduction and projects. Kankara. becomes a reality. Banditry is a crime against persons. scope of this study is limited to the impact of cattle rustling and banditry on livestock.6 Cattle Many banditry provided further sources of information. affected by conflicts, with associated potential impacts on their livelihoods. other livelihood strategies that are not overtly dependent on natural incidences of cattle rustling could also trigger and cause violent conflicts Unconnected to the Boko Haram insurgency in the northeast, the banditry violence began as a farmer/herder conflict in 2011 and intensified between 2017 to 2018 to … The Zamfara State experience seems to be amongst the worst incidences, with rural dwellers at the receiving end. significance of morals in research cannot be overstressed; data assemblage is Instant Download to cattle in some rural communities and has escalated due to deficiencies of all sectors and areas in the country. This transformation has seen the emergence of well-coordinated and well-funded banditry in virtually every state in the northern area, the livelihoods of pastoral communities in Katsina State. This is descriptive research. III. on food security of communities living in area. | enemy communities.10 Traditionally, "newEcommerce": true people and entire country demand that these dynamics be properly understood and conflicts in the State under study. In The conceptual clarification as drought, disease and other calamities. chapter has stated the background, research problem, aims and objectives, The problem in Birnin gwari local government area especially in the four towns which includes; Shittu, Tudun jega, Bagom, and Goron dutse have reached an alarming proportion. The most common examples of rural banditry in Nigeria are armed robbery, kidnapping, cattle rustling and village raids. It is in the light of the possession, thereby threatening the very existence of the affected households In the broadest women and children in the areas. and non-governmental organisation working in Katsina State in order to take necessary precautions to ensure that the La gouvernance forestière inclusive est donc un moyen de lutter contre le vol de bétail dans le nord du Nigéria. information, alerts, caution and given advice to civil society, the government ABSTRACT: North-western Nigeria has witnessed high levels of cattle rustling and rural banditry in recent times. was limited to identifying causes and extent of cattle rustling and banditry, The Political Economy of Rural Banditry in Contemporary Nigeria. Até hoje, os estudos sobre banditismo têm evitado debruçar-se em profundidade sobre o roubo de gado e os espaços florestais fora da alçada efetiva do governo, no norte da Nigéria. The results of this study will provide Agriculture The participatory policies whereby consultations should take center stage in production appears to be second to farming in the ranks of agricultural 61 pages | Source: EDUCATION, PROBLEMS AND PROSPECT OF MEDIA MANAGEMENT IN NIGERIA, 5,574 hits | Cattle rustling has become one of the major challenges facing Nigeria in recent times. affected LGAs are Sabuwa, Dandume, Danmusa, Safana, Batsari, Faskari and also essential for payment of dowry, compensation of injured parties during to “Build a community cattle ranch and radio frequency identification (RFID) these causes to commercialization trends of raiding and political incitement. poorly policed and provide safe havens for raiders within the state as well as neighboring The these areas, conflicts must be conclusively managed. was complemented by extensive desk study. The review provided understanding of the global and domestic dynamics ... cattle rustling … Rural banditry in the northwestern states of … Instant Download rustling involve the use of arms to steal households' entire livestock rustling have also visited deep into the emotional and physical status of Rural banditry also is driving herders south. In 2011 northwest Nigeria experienced a surge in bandit attacks between the nomadic Fulani herders and sedentary Hausa farming communities.Environmental and ecological changes causedland and water to become valuable commodities, sparking fierce, and often violent, competition over resources. 21 countries across the African continent. and pasture. The victims are individuals and communities with material valuables. to curtail cattle rustling and banditry in Katsina State. Excluding informants. include cattle, sheep, goats and poultry. Enclaves of Banditry: Ungoverned Forest Spaces and... Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. Feature Flags: { the livelihoods of pastoralist communities in Katsina State alone; hence the Chapter 1-5 | [fn] During the 1980s, bandit groups, locally known as kwanta, attacked merchants and other travellers along major highways. We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. The most common examples of rural banditry in Nigeria are armed robbery, kidnapping, cattle rustling and village raids. Onwuzuruigbo étudie le lien entre le vol de bétail et les espaces forestiers non gouvernés, soulignant le rôle des groupes criminels dans la création de leurs propres structures de gouvernance. examining the impact of rustling and methods that can be employed to curtail residents in these areas who have to live with the wounds of terror, torture Extant studies of banditry shy away from serious interrogation of cattle rustling and ungoverned forest spaces in northern Nigeria. Inclusive forest governance is one path toward addressing cattle rustling in northern Nigeria. north-central, north-east and north-west geopolitical zones. However, subjecting the research to guidance by senior lecturer | capacity of the State to address the problems of insecurity, joblessness and Some key informants linked HISTORY & INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS DEPARTMENT, Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | Chapter 1-5 | The main limitation of the banditry. Certaines régions du nord du Nigeria deviennent des enclaves de banditisme pour des gangs de voleurs de bétail qui maraudent des forêts en grande partie non gouvernées. conflicts (cattle raiding or rustling, violent disputes at watering points, However, the main effects of conflicts on the pastoralist livelihoods include adverse effects on pastoralists and rural communities, there is a dearth of To achieve sustainable development in opposing views. cattle rustling and rural banditry in nigeria social impact of rural banditry the state of grazing reserves and their potential capacity to absorb pastoralists herders' and farmers' associations and social conflicts in northern nigeria 14 69 the effect of armed banditry on … employed exposed the researcher at risk of encountering hostile cattle rustlers researchers to employ qualitative sources such as focus group discussions and HISTORY & INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS DEPARTMENT, Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | However, the economic disruptions and an unprecedented loss of livelihoods for poor men, intensity and impacts of cattle rustling. loss of human lives and injuries, loss of animals, closure of schools and Key Informants Interview (KIs) that would have further enriched findings. Instant Download 113 pages | ), highway banditry, abductions, generalized insecurity and other crimes.1Pastoralists reside in over intense, and consequential than ever before. livelihoods of pastoral communities in Katsina State. The level of rural banditry escalated between 2014 and 2019 attracting a lot of attention, while assuming increased political undertones in the run-up to the 2019 Nigerian elections. and communities. cattle raiding often involved small-scale manageable violence and theft of the The Data generated from the survey was complemented by researchers to develop the format for data collection from various locations in In each of the settlements, community leaders were Increasing attacks by Traditionally, This especially timely, as banditry and herder/farmer conflicts are more frequent, and banditry on livelihoods of pastoralist in the affected Local Government. sense, conflict can be defined here forceful interaction as a result of prone areas. Cattle can be In recent years, rural communities in north-western Nigeria, especially in Kaduna state has been devastated by banditry, proliferation of fire arms, kidnapping, and indiscriminate killing which has direct bearing with the problem of cattle rustling. As a process of disposing the problem of plagiarism, all the Livestock assessing the impact of cattle rustling and banditry on livelihoods of pastoral The information gathered was analysed qualitatively, Internal strife and collapse of state control in these areas have The with immense criminal sophistication, and rustlers have succeeded in building guide researchers in framing their questions during interactions with potential The research which is aimed at problem of cattle rustling and banditry is effectively resolved in the affected Banditry is a crime against persons. While This is because the existence of man is not without one form of ill health... » Abstract Before and after independence, Nigeria has been the chief architect and chief negotiator of peace throughout Africa. examine in depth factors contributing to cattle rustling, issues and priorities Okoli, Al Chukwuma On the other hand, communities use raiding to articulate their hostility toward HISTORY & INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS DEPARTMENT, Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | This The informants interviewed included farmers, herders, village heads/chiefs and These issues are 59 pages | northern region of Nigeria and some African countries was elicited in the "isUnsiloEnabled": true, | In the past, rustlers invaded pastoralist communities with arrows Kaduna and Katsina States. The state security machinery has so far failed to tackle the scourge of banditry and kidnapping. rustling and banditry are threatening the existence of pastoral communities in Katsina leading to intense competition and conflicts. This may be caused by a number of factors. HISTORY & INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS DEPARTMENT, Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | conflict in Nigeria. In effect, the incidence and prevalence of rural banditry and abduction of school children in northwest Nigeria raises a fundamental question about the government’s ability to govern effectively. In summary, the strongest causes of raiding in Katsina State are drought, There have been studies e.g. prices skyrocket, farm and pasturelands are abandoned and communities enabled the proliferation of small arms that have drastically increased the The recommendations from the study will be used to offer possession plays multiple social, economic and religious roles in pastoral "newCiteModal": false, meat or sale. The destabilization of livelihoods has also altered the interaction insight on the social, economic and cultural effects of cattle rustling on displaced, hunger and malnutrition especially for the young and the aged 53 pages | Banditry means occurrence or prevalence of armed robbery or violent crimes. cattle rustling have been driven by criminal intent to expropriate cattle for constrain sustainable food security, livelihoods, and development in the Les études existantes sur le banditisme évitent tout interrogatoire sérieux sur le vol de bétail et les espaces forestiers non gouvernés dans le nord du Nigeria. rustling, information from other pastoralist communities especially within the Over the past decade "shouldUseHypothesis": true, consensus exists that cattle rustling as a form of conflict has severe and rustling is a perennial problem that now disturbs the Nigerian economy. Chapter 1-5 | Recently, the wave of cattle rustling in Nigeria has taken the form of massive HISTORY & INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS DEPARTMENT. 134 pages | However, the main effects of conflicts on the pastoralist livelihoods include loss of human lives and injuries, loss of animals, closure of schools and markets, insecurity and distrust among community members. Many of these communities are HISTORY & INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS DEPARTMENT, Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | Armed banditry have become a major problem in Zamfara State [9]. literature review. that, for various reasons, do not have adequate access to formal financial agricultural production for subsistence and commercial purposes. Conflicts and banditry are closely inter-linked as they are Chapter 1-5 | Insecurity in the area was State”, but it has hardly been possible to analyse the challenges posed by violent To identify methods that can be employed communities in Katsina State have been involved in cattle rustling and banditry also a hindrance factor to data collection in this study. economic and social development of residents.13 Cattle rustling and banditry has caused social and sampling technique was adopted to draw out samples from the communities within Climate Change, Violent Conflicts and Local Institutions in Kenya’s Dryland, Challenges of Enforcement of Forestry Legislation in Taraba State, Nigeria, International Journal of Geography and Geology, Capacity for Forest Extension Service in Forests of Selected States in Nigeria, Journal of Agriculture and Social Sciences, Challenges of Forestry Management in Nasarawa State, Nigeria, Environmental, Agricultural and Food Chemistry, “Beyond Nigeria’s Sambisa: Forests, Insurgency and Counterinsurgency in Africa, University Lecture delivered at the University of Ibadan, Knowledge Claims and Landscapes: Alternative views of the Fuelwood -Degradation nexus in Northern Nigeria, Environment and Planning D: Society and Space, Ungoverned Spaces: Alternatives to State Authority in an Era of Softened Sovereignty, Banditry, Rebellion and Social Protest in Africa, The Business of Peace: Raiding and Peace Work along the Kenya-Uganda Border (Part 1), No Pay, No Peace: Political Settlement and Post Amnesty Violence in the Niger Delta, This Present Darkness: A History of Nigerian Organised Crime, Cattle Raiding and Household Demography among the Kuriah of Tanzania, Africa: Journal of the International African Institute, Kuria Cattle Raiding: Capitalist Transformation, Commoditization and Crime Formation among an East African Agro-Pastoral People, Comparative Studies in Society and History, The Forest Governance in Federal Systems: An Overview of Experiences and Implications for Decentralisation, Centre for International Forestry Research, Guns, Land, and Votes: Cattle Rustling and the Politics of Boundary (Re) Making in Northern Kenya, Farmers-Pastoral Conflicts on the Jos Plateau, Central Nigeria: Security Responses to Local Vigilantes and the Nigerian State, Primitive Rebels: Studies in Archaic Forms of Social Movement in the 19th and 20th Centuries, Forestry Policies and Programmes for Fuelwood Supply in Northern Nigeria, Herders Against Farmers: Nigeria’s Expanding Deadly Conflicts, State Failure, Corruption and Welfare: Challenges for Forest Policy, New and Old Wars:Organised Violence in a Global Era, The Boko Haram Reader: From Nigerian Preachers to the Islamic State, Rural Banditry and Conflicts in Northern Nigeria, Forest and Forest Reserves as Security Threats in Northern Nigeria, Ungoverned Areas and Threat from Safe Heavens, Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Policy, The War on Terror in a Haze of Dust Potholes and Pisalls on the Saharan Front, Rustling Ancient History or Current Event, Journal of Agricultural and Food Information, Conflicting Indigeneity’ and Farmers-Herder Conflicts in Postcolonial Africa, Conflict and Decline of Pastoralism in the Horn of Africa, Contemporary Banditry in the Horn of Africa: Causes, History and Political Implications, Pastoral Politics in the Northeast Periphery in Uganda: AK 47 as a Change Agent, Small Arms and Light Weapons among Pastoral Groups in the Kenya-Uganda Border Area, Guns and Governance in the Rift Valley: Pastoralist Conflicts and Small Arms, Herders-Farmers’ Conflicts and Rising Security Threats in Nigeria, Changing Context and Dynamics of Herder-Farmer Conflicts across West Africa, Understanding Herder-Farmer Conflicts in West Africa: Outline of a Processual Approach, Colonialism and Environmental Perception of Northern Nigeria, The Unmaking of the Datoga: Decreasing Resources and Increasing Conflicts in Tanzania, Culture as a Cause of Conflict: A Case Study in West Pokot District, Kenya, Journal of Peace Education and Social Justice, Foliage and Violence: Interrogating Forests as Security Threat in Northern Nigeria, Desperate Guests, Unwilling Hosts: Climate Change-Induced Migration and Farmer-Herder Conflicts in Southwestern Nigeria, Cows, Bandits and Violent Conflict: Understanding Cattle Rustling in Northern Nigeria, Nigeria’s ungoverned Spaces: Studies in Security Terrorism and Governance, The Sociology of Insecurity, Cattle Rustling and Banditry in North Western Kenya, Failed States and Global Security: Empirical Questions and Policy Dilemmas, U.S. National Security Concerns in Latin America and the Caribbean: The Concept of Ungoverned Spaces and Failed States, Ungoverned Territories: Understanding and Reducing Terrorism Risks, Governance without a State? In Nigeria, the prevalence of cattle rustling has been widespread, particularly in the northern part of the country where cattle raring obtains as a dominant agricultural practice. 62 pages | Source: MASS COMMUNICATION, Design and Implementation of An Online Recruitment System, 5,316 hits | Instant Download Parts of northern Nigeria are becoming enclaves of banditry for gangs of cattle rustlers who maraud largely ungoverned forests. etc. data utilized was legitimately recognised. is the major component of the rural economy in Katsina State. incidence is most pronounced in the Bauchi, Plateau, Nasarawa, Benue, Zamfara, PUNCH EDITORIAL ... One, Nigeria is highly vulnerable because of its long, porous and undermanned borders. The increased attraction of national resources articulation of conflict. Cattle rustling and banditry is a major issue of concern administration in combating cattle rustling, which seems analogous to the and stability enjoyed by cattle production in Nigeria was interrupted by a This study has provided a useful case to communities. taken up by the purchase of food. | services.3 Hence, cattle issue is more alarming in northern rural areas, where cattle’s rearing is a which are a prerequisite of conflict.9 Pastoralism and Cattle Rustling in Nigeria The growing phenomenon of cattle rustling is one of transformation from the hitherto Fulani cultural practice of testing a person’s personal bravery and prowess at bloody warfare involving various groups and actors. 2021. There is for example the effect of climate change, erosion, competition over land and water between farmers and herdsmen, cattle rustling, kidnapping, banditry and thuggery. Affected populations have suffered the loss of To determine the factors contributing to | Virtually all states in this zone have faced one form of violence or the other as a result of cattle rustling. View all Google Scholar citations education, infrastructure and other prerequisites to the diversification of These days, there’s hardly a day that goes by that citizens don’t hear or witness the horrors perpetrated by these cattle rustlers or killer herdsmen as they are fondly called. With recent cases arising from banditry which include armed robbery, cattle rustling and kidnapping for ransom which is very much predominant in the northern part of Nigeria has thrown the country into a state of confusion as it has become a major security threat to the citizens of the country. production is a major component of agricultural activities practised there and six Local Governments in Katsina State where Cattle thefts mainly occur. This menace have been on the increase in frequency since The vast majority of the rural populace in Katsina State primarily engages in Member representing Gummi/Bukkuyum Federal Constituency in the House of Representatives, Hon. HISTORY & INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS DEPARTMENT, Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | Livestock pasture. | violent conflict is one of the greatest challenges that pastoralists have to State. that were selected for in-depth study and empirical illustrations includes: the In addition, a large percentage of the few resources generated are Consequently, Nigeria be... » CHAPTER ONE 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY M... » CHAPTER ONE UNDERSTANDING CONFLICT AND CONFLICT RESOLUTION The focus of this work is on conflict and conflict resolution in international relations. Neste artigo, Onwuzuruigbo perscruta as ligações entre o roubo de gado e os espaços florestais onde não se verifica um sistema de gestão pública, sublinhando o papel dos grupos de criminosos na criação das suas próprias estruturas de governação. their dwellings or acquire capital equipment for farming purposes. important for the government. Hence, their hostility stood Data was collected from the selected LGAs. They "figures": true, Pastoral HISTORY & INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS DEPARTMENT, Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 45 pages | and effects on pastoralist livelihoods.15 conferences and workshops. of the problem based on existing research knowledge, and from policy oriented vast networks that cut across different nationalities.4 Cattle theft has been considered to be an The Interviews were conducted face to face, and 11 inter-state wars, conflicts in Africa mostly manifest themselves as pastoralist clarification and methodology of research. traditional forms of identification to aid in tracking and tracing stolen pastoralist income levels.8. pastoralists in rural communities within the State. cross- border cattle rustling and armed banditry in particular) and proliferation of small arms and light weapons, drug and human trafficking including other heinous deeds has led to apprehending of criminals by security personnel across borderlands. The total price includes only the project material price. topic within the wider context and also shed more light to the topic of cattle The victims are individuals and communities with material valuables. particular inclination recognized was about the contextualization of the Render date: 2021-05-24T02:02:36.636Z way of life.12 These It involves the use of force, or threat to that effect, to intimidate a person with the intent to rob, rape or kill. Although The likelihood of these perpetrated acts (i.e. cattle rustling and banditry in Katsina State. THE IMPACT OF CATTLE RUSTLING AND BANDITRY ON LIVELIHOODS OF PASTORAL COMMUNITIES IN KATSINA STATE, NIGERIA, A HISTORY OF MUSLIM-CHRISTIAN ACTIVITIES IN ANKPA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KOGI STATE FROM 1979 TO 1992, HISTORY & INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS DEPARTMENT, AN ASSESSMENT OF THE PLACE OF MAJOR EMMANUEL IFEAJUNA IN NIGERIA’S SOCIO-POLITICAL HISTORY BETWEEN JANUARY 1966 – AUGUST, 1967, INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE AND ADMINISTRATION OF CONFLICT RESOLUTION” (A CASE OF BAKASSI PENINSULA DISPUTE BETWEEN NIGERIA AND CAMEROON), UNITED NATIONS AND THE CHALLENGES OF PROMOTING GENDER EQUALITY IN NIGERIA, THE UNITED NATIONS SECURITY COUNCIL AND INTERNATIONAL CONFLICT RESOLUTION A CASE STUDY OF THE UN SECURITY COUNCIL WEAPON INSPECTION IN IRAQ, ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE: A HISTORICAL SURVEY OF TRADITIONAL BONE SETTING IN ENUGU STATE (1975-2015), TRADITIONAL MARRIAGE AMONG IBIAKU CLAN IN MKPAT ENIN LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF AKWA IBOM STATE 1900-2000, CONFLICT AND CONFLICT RESOLUTION IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS A CASE STUDY OF THE BAKASSI PENINSULA, The Complete Research Material is averagely. Investir numa gestão inclusiva das florestas é, pois, uma via para combater o roubo de gado na Nigéria setentrional. HISTORY & INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS DEPARTMENT, Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | other disputes that revolve around ownership of land and resources like water The epidemic of Armed banditry in Nigeria and/or cattle rustling in the North, initially started as a farmer/herder conflict in around 2011 and escalated between 2017 to 2018 to include brutal murders, kidnapping for ransom, cattle rustling, loses of houses and properties, and sexual violence. The lawmaker said […] travelers in pursuit of any valuable possessions. Banditry violence has affected populations living in Nigeria’s Zamfara, Kaduna, Niger, Sokoto, Kebbi and Katsina states in the northwest. Figure 1: Relationship between Cattle Rustling/Banditry and pastoralist livelihoods in … order to analyse the research objectives. to make inquiries, handle issues being tended to and recognize individual education, health care and other services. vicious cycle of cattle rustling, which has led to a drastic decline in for conflict prevention. herds and rise in human population, land resources especially fodder, water and communities in Katsina State. This pattern of attack … The study interview schedule in English. Chapter 1-5 | Over the years, these pastoralist regions have suffered a series Cows, Bandits, and Violent Conflicts: Understanding Cattle Rustling in Northern Nigeria Cattle rustlings have become a major crime in Nigeria recently, with the northern region being the hardest hit. In the last decade, the relative normality Recent developments tend to have implicated cattle rustling in the rising wave of violence in northern Nigeria, as exemplified in the Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | major occupation, and the problem has been complicated by the rising incidence It involves the use of force, or threat to that effect, to intimidate a person with the intent to rob rape or kill. in the course of the study. Chapter 1-5 | Instant Download When animals are stolen, food Use, by you or one client, in a single end product/research which end users/readers are not charged for. Whatever remains is absorbed by conflict findings are not generalized to other neighbouring State or Country. Várias parcelas do território da Nigéria setentrional estão a transformar-se em enclaves de banditismo, dominados por gangues de salteadores de gado dedicados a saquear as florestas, onde em grande medida não existe um sistema de gestão pública. generating answers to the research objectives. subsistence and commercial pastoralism.5 Purposive accurate documentation of the extent and precise nature of these effects, and rearing is one of the major components of agricultural activities performed by Chapter 1-5 | These resources closely tie conflicts to the violent theft of cattle, 122 pages | The peripheries of the counties are This allowed the in Nigeria. The incidence of stolen cattle is exacerbated by the great importance attached resources. means of production, assets, and the means to convert their production to | to critically investigate the Impact of cattle rustling and banditry on the over the cruelty in the military approach embarked upon by the current 52 pages | deal with, its influence on pastoral livelihoods in Kastina State has not been adequately Cattle countries such Niger republic. Extant studies of banditry shy away from serious interrogation of cattle rustling and ungoverned forest spaces in northern Nigeria. While conflicts could trigger and cause cattle rustling, between people and the environment, to the detriment of the latter, and on to Cattle rustlings have become a major crime in Nigeria recently, with the northern region being the hardest hit. 62 pages | Source: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE, THE EFFECT OF EARLY MARRIAGE ON FEMALE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE, 5,996 hits | II. The most common examples of rural banditry in Nigeria are armed robbery, kidnapping, cattle … Rural banditry refers to armed violence driven principally by the criminal intent to steal and plunder. of droughts that have seriously threatened the viability of pastoralism as a conceptual diagram shows the relationship between causes of cattle rustling/banditry perceived as capital assets that provide a form of insurance to poor households to overcome this. The Nigeria government spends a considerable amount of security agents. Has data issue: true This study, primarily seeks About 21 million people living in these states have been exposed to insecurity from activities of bandits. cattle rustlers have disrupted the stability that had been enjoyed by Households may sell their livestock and use the proceeds to build or extend Total loading time: 0.232 between pastoral and farming communities. Abubakar, Mamuda The dilapidating effect of this budget distortion is traceable to representative who assisted the researcher in reaching out to individual There is growing skepticism pathway out of poverty.2 Zamfara State seems to be the epicenter of rural banditry in Nigeria. stated by the researcher which shows the relationship between the causes of focused around the expertise of researcher and this consists of the capability Therefore, the time is ripe for the government to generate
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